Bakong Temples

Bakong – The First Great Temple Mountain of the Khmer Empire Rising from the plains of Roluos just outside of Siem Reap, Bakong is where the story of Angkor’s iconic temple-mountains truly begins. ** This is what Wikipedia and other sources would have you believe, but the oldest "Temple Mountain Pyramid" is Ak Yum Pyrimid Temple at West Baray, 7th century. ** Bakong was built in the late 9th century by King Indravarman I, this sandstone pyramid was the first state temple of the Khmer Empire and the spiritual heart of Hariharalaya, the empire’s early capital. Bakong is a massive stepped pyramid symbolizing Mount Meru, the cosmic center of the universe in Hindu-Buddhist cosmology. Its moats represent the oceans of creation, while its concentric walls echo the mountains of the divine realm. Even today, crossing the naga-lined causeway feels like a passage into another world. Wander through the surviving brick sanctuaries and you’ll reach the central pyramid, 65 X 67 meters wide and rising through five terraces to its summit shrine. Stone lions still guard the stairways, while sandstone elephants stand watch from the terrace corners, quiet echoes of an ancient empire asserting divine kingship through architecture. The layout and design of Bakong were groundbreaking for their time, and the temple later became the blueprint for Phnom Bakheng, Pre Rup, and even Angkor Wat itself. Historians believe that its inspiration came from Java’s Borobudur, showing a remarkable cultural exchange between two great Southeast Asian civilizations. Restored in the 1930s, Bakong remains one of the most atmospheric temples in Cambodia, and less crowded than Angkor Wat, but just as powerful in presence. If you want to see where one of the Khmer architectural legacies was truly born, this is the place to stand in the footsteps of kings.

Bakong Temple has a quiet atmosphere and impressive architecture. A meaningful Cambodia heritage site.

This temple build before Angkor Wat, most of the wall are reconstructed by the French, however the most amazing part of my visit is the “Baray” around the temple

Welcome to Bakong Temple, one of Cambodia’s most remarkable historical sites and a true masterpiece of early Khmer architecture.

As a local guide here in Siem Reap, I often recommend a visit to Bakong Temple, especially for those looking to delve deeper into the origins of Khmer architecture and the Angkorian era. Bakong stands as a magnificent testament to early Khmer ingenuity. It's the first temple mountain of sandstone, marking a pivotal moment in the architectural evolution that would later define Angkor Wat. Built in the late 9th century by King Indravarman I, it was the state temple of the city of Hariharalaya, the first major capital in the Angkor region. What makes Bakong truly special is its sense of serene grandeur, often less crowded than its more famous counterparts. You can truly appreciate the intricate details of its five-tiered pyramid, representing Mount Meru, the sacred home of the gods. While some of the original stucco carvings have faded, you can still discern the beautiful guardian lions and devatas that once adorned its terraces. The surrounding laterite walls and the remnants of smaller brick temples at its base offer a glimpse into the earlier construction techniques. For visitors, Bakong provides a unique opportunity to connect with the very foundations of the Angkorian empire. It's a place where history feels tangible, and the quiet atmosphere allows for reflection on the incredible civilization that flourished here. Don't miss the opportunity to see the active Buddhist monastery nearby, adding another layer to the site's living history. It's a truly rewarding experience for anyone interested in the rich heritage of Cambodia.

Bakong Temple stands as one of the most exquisite historical sites in Siem Reap Province. Visiting this ancient sandstone temple mountain, built during the Khmer Empire, is truly remarkable as the witness of historical evidence. It is both breathtaking and magnificent.

This is the first Khmer sandstone mountain temple. You can get spectacular views at the top, and it could be a good alternative to Angkor Wat for seeing the sunrise/sunset during Solstice or Equinox. There is a modern temple attached, which will hold ceremonies during certain holidays.

Bakong is the first Khmer temple mountain of sandstone constructed by rulers of the Khmer Empire at Angkor near modern Siem Reap in Cambodia. This temple has a feeling of a temple in Kerala India as it is surrounded by a water body. The sun has hit its highest and we were too lazy to climb up the temple so I instead sat on a bench and watched the temples from afar. Interacted with some locals, school kids and some monks. A pre wedding shoot was on so I watched them too. Just outside the temple is a small cafe which serves the most refreshing drinks, do take a washroom break along with a drink and head to the next temple.