Lefteris S.
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Chor Minor Madrasa.
The Chor Minor (= four towers) Madrasa was built in 1807 at the instigation of a rich Turkmen merchant, a horse and carpet trader Caliph Niyazkul-Beg. According to historical records, after visiting The Taj Mahal in India Caliph Niyazkul-Beg developed a strong desire to build something like this fascinating building.
The Chor-Minor Madrasah was constructed on the Silk Road and had four minarets symbolizing, besides the cardinal points, the Samanids, Shaybanids, Karakhanids and Manghits. Each of the minarets has a unique shape and decoration.
At that time, Bukhara was far from the glory days of the Shaybanid dynasty and the general quality of building construction was quite low. Nevertheless, Qouli managed to create a structure of lasting architectural interest with time-honored design principals. The building features elegant and nontraditional shapes; it is not large and yet looks grand.
The purpose of the building is not entirely clear, but it likely served as the forepart of a spacious madrasa which no longer survives. In this capacity the Chor Minor was simultaneously a monumental gateway, a tall "signpost" advertising the location of the madrasa, and an integral component of the madrasa's curriculum (e.g., the top floor includes a domed chamber that was likely used as a library).