Himanshu Sharma
Google
Bikaner Fort - A Historical and Architectural Journey
Discover the grandeur of Junagarh Fort, Bikaner. A tale of historical and architectural exploration
Bikaner Fort, often called Junagarh Fort, is a gem of Rajasthan's architectural marvels. Nestled in the heart of Bikaner, this fort is a testament to the region's rich cultural and architectural legacy. Originally called Chintamani, the fort was renamed Junagarh or 'Old Fort' in the early 20th century when the ruling family moved to Lalgarh Palace outside the fort limits. Built with great determination and grandeur, the fort has witnessed centuries of history, from the valor of Rajput kings to the artistic brilliance that flourished within its walls. As one of Rajasthan's key landmarks, Bikaner Fort offers an insightful journey into the past, revealing the essence of the state's royal heritage. Junagarh Fort in Bikaner, Rajasthan is an age-old heritage site. The Fort is one of the most sought-after places to visit in Bikaner.
A Glimpse into the Past
The history of Bikaner Fort is intrinsically linked to the founding of Bikaner City by Rao Bika, a Rathore prince, in 1488. Rao Bika, the son of Rao Jodha, the founder of Jodhpur, set out to carve his own kingdom. Bikaner, strategically located in the arid Thar Desert, emerged as a powerful state under his leadership. To protect his fledgling kingdom, Rao Bika began the construction of a fort that would serve as a bastion against invasions and a symbol of the Rathore dynasty's growing influence.
The fort's foundation was laid in 1478, and successive rulers continued to expand and fortify it over the years. The structure today was primarily built between 1589 and 1593 by Raja Rai Singh, the sixth ruler of Bikaner, under the guidance of Mughal Emperor Akbar. Rai Singh, a general in Akbar's army, used the resources and wealth gained from his service to create a fort that would be both a military stronghold and a testament to the architectural grandeur of the time.
Architectural Splendor
Bikaner Fort is a masterpiece of architectural design, showcasing a blend of Rajput, Mughal, and Gujarati styles. This unique amalgamation reflects the cultural exchanges and influences that shaped the fort over the centuries. The fort is constructed predominantly from red sandstone, which gives it a warm, earthy hue that contrasts beautifully with the arid landscape of Bikaner.
The fort's design is characterized by massive walls, grand courtyards, and intricately carved balconies. The entrance is through the Karan Pol, a majestic gate that leads to a series of courtyards and palaces within the fort complex. The architecture of Bikaner Fort is not just about grandeur; it also incorporates practical elements, such as thick walls and narrow passages, designed to make the fort defensible against enemy attacks.
The Junagarh fort Bikaner Rajasthan consists of seven gates. The gates are referred to as ‘Pol’. Karan Pol, Suraj Pol, Daulat Pol, and Chand Pol are some of the names. The Suraj pol is east-facing and hence has the name as per sunlight’s availability. Palaces are named as karan mahal, phool mahal, anup mahal and badal mahal. Every palace inside the fort has its specific requirements. The Junagarh fort also has a museum. The museum consists of lots of antique and unique articles and paintings.
Several critical structures stand out inside the fort, each with unique significance. The Karan Mahal, one of the earliest structures within the fort, served as the hall of public audiences where the rulers addressed their subjects. Its design is simple yet imposing, reflecting the authority of the ruling king.
Another prominent building within the fort is Anup Mahal, a multi-story palace that served as the royal residence. The palace is renowned for its intricate woodwork, stunning lattice windows, and mirror-inlaid ceilings. Each room in Anup Mahal is a work of art, with wall
