Seimen B.
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This site has been long on my bucket list and I finally made it. Being early and the first guest to enter I could make a relative quiet self-guided tour.
The Royal Site of San Lorenzo de El Escorial was built in the 16th century by King Philip II of Spain to commemorate the Spanish victory over the French at the Battle of Saint Quentin (1557) and to serve as a burial site for his father, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. It is a massive complex that functions as a monastery, palace, library, and royal pantheon.
It is built in the Herrerian style, characterized by geometric severity, granite walls, and a lack of ornate decoration, reflecting Philip II's austere religious devotion which in that time spread to royal courts in Europe. The ground plan is shaped like a gridiron, honoring St. Lawrence, who was martyred on a grill.
When you follow the signs you will see the beautiful library where you see all the books shelved with their spines facing inward and their fore-edges facing outward. This is done part for aesthetics (The "Gold Wall") because the edges of the pages are gilded (covered in gold leaf). When they face outward, they create a uniform, shimmering wall of gold that reflects the light in the room, matching the library's grand decor. Another reason is preservation as this protects the fragile leather and parchment spines from damage caused by sunlight and dust.
Another highlight was the Basilica which you can also enter without a ticket through the Patio de los Reyes (Courtyard of the Kings), named after the six colossal statues of the Kings of Judah on the church's facade. It features a massive central dome inspired by St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, reaching a height of 92 meters (300 feet).
The Main Altarpiece (Retablo Mayor) is a 30-meter high masterpiece made of red marble, jasper, and gilded bronze.
Located directly beneath the high altar is the Pantheon of the Kings, an octagonal marble chamber containing the remains of almost all Spanish monarchs from Charles V onwards but there is no entrance in the Basilica to that. Just follow follow the route to see this.
When you do you will first pass a large number of Pantheons of the Infants, Princess and Princesses that never were Kings or Queens. In the fourth chamber of this part is the Children’s Mausoleum, a polygonal tomb in white marble that houses the bodies of royal children who dies before reaching puberty. The are from the House of Austria (Habsburg) and the Bourbon dynasty and there are letter A and B on the side to identify those.
The only place where it is not allowed to take pictures is in the Pantheon of the Kings
The Hall of Battles has impressive paintings from various battles with of course that one of the Battle at Saint-Quentin that ended with the capture of that city on 10 August 1557 which was the reason for building the Monastery.
With the tour you also see many royal chambers that were, together with the other areas, stone cold when I visited. There was no heating on so keep your warm clothing on in winter. I felt sorry for the guards who had shifts of eight hours with those temperatures