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The Estonian seat of power. In the 9th century, the Estonians built the wooden fortress Lyndanisse on the strategically located Toompea (Domberg) hill. In 1219, the Danes under the leadership of King Waldemar II conquered the fortress and built a stone castle, Toompea Castle, also known as Tallinn Castle. The castle changed owners from time to time: from 1227 to 1237 it belonged to the Order of the Brothers of the Sword, then again to the Danes until it was conquered by the Teutonic Order in 1346. From 1561 it belonged to the Swedes and after the Peace of Nystad (1721) it belonged to Tsarist Russia. During the interbellum, the Estonian parliament and government were seated here and from 1940 to 1991 the castle housed the government of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic. Almost every change of government was followed by a renovation or expansion. The Danes built the 45.6 meter high "Pikk Herman" ("Long Herman"), the striking corner tower and eye-catcher of the castle, the Swedes built a new building against the old castle that was rebuilt by Catherine II. The pink, Baroque part of the castle where the Estonian Parliament (the Riigikogu) is now located, was built in 1920-22.
PS. According to the legend of the Battle of Lyndanisse, the Dannebrog, the Danish flag (the oldest still used flag in the world), fell from the sky during this battle.