David J.
Yelp
This magnificent castle - the second largest in Britain (after Windsor) - makes an excellent day out from Cardiff (just 30 minutes away by train). The castle has impressive water defences with a series of huge lake-like moats, and evokes a true mediaeval feel.
Construction of the castle was begun be the powerful baron Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester and Lord of Glamorgan, in 1268 as part of his campaign to conquer Glamorgan from the Welsh leader Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, the last native prince of Wales.
Rapid progress was made and must of the castle was completed by 1271, despite being attacked and burnt by the Welsh in 1270. Further works gave it its current form by 1290. The castle was attacked in 1294, 1314 and again during the overthrow of Edward II in 1326.
The castle was both influential and innovative in its use of concentric walls for defence, later adopted in Edward I in his castle building, and the use of defended water features: these cover some 30 acres.
However, the defeat and death of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd meant the reason for the castle had effectively disappeared and by the 15th Century it was in decline, and derelict, with its moats drained or silted up, and the walls increasingly robbed of stone, by the 16th.
The castle was extensively repaired by the Marquesses of Bute in the 19th Century and given to the state in 1950, after which the moats were reflooded. It is now in the care of Cadw.
The approach to the castle is across a wide moat, and through the gatehouse of the heavily defended embankments of the main moat. The walls built to defend these are impressive enough, but are followed by the even more impressive main fortress, situated on an island. This has a double concentric wall with a gatehouse followed by the further main gatehouse and keep.
Inside the inner walls is an impressive great hall and behind this what we're luxurious apartments of Gilbert de Clare.
You can walk up to the top of a number of the towers for fine views, and there are walkways along some of the battlements. There is a video presentation about the castle's history and some limited displays, although there's not a lot to see apart from the castle itself (ie there are no furnishings). There are however as some themed exhibits for children (including a dragon's lair). Special events take place on summer weekends re-enacting mediaeval warfare with jousts and the like.
There's a decent shop at the entrance desk, and in summer a small kiosk selling drinks and snacks.
Note there is level access around the main site, but the ramps over the moats can be steep and uneven. Almost all the buildings have steps (the towers have spiral staircases).