Rob A.
Yelp
If you've ever been to a National Cemetery and witnessed a military honors ceremony taking place and wondered about the individual being honored, like; were they active duty, a retired member, maybe a veteran that served a couple of years? Here are some pointers to help with what you might observe.
Now, most of this is standard but things can vary based on situation, personnel available, and current policy.
Because of limits on manpower resources, the number of honor guard members involved in a ceremony varies based on the deceased member's status.
Full honors funerals are conducted for deceased active duty members and Medal of Honor recipients. Members of the Reserve and National Guard are also eligible if killed while on Active Duty status. You'll know the person was Active Duty because there will be a large honor guard presence. The detail will be made up of:
An Officer in Charge/Non-Commissioned Officer in Charge - this person will be the one you see standing at the head of the casket and presenting the folded flag to the next of kin.
A Non-Commissioned Officer in Charge of the Firing Party - off in the distance, about 50 paces away, you should see a firing party with rifles and this individual standing to the side, giving the firing orders.
A Color Team (sometimes called Color Guard) - this team will typically be made up of four members. These four will look like what you see marching in a parade or carrying the flag at an event (like at the Super Bowl). One will always be carrying the American Flag and then to his/her left (American/National Flag always is in a place of honor on the right) there will be a flag bearer for the representing Service, Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines. To each side of the flag bearers will be a rifle guard. An interesting point of instruction for placement of this team is that they be in full view of the next of kin.
A Pallbearer Team - This will be a team of six members and make up the primary focus of the ceremony. They will meet the hearse and carry the flag draped casket. After the 21-gun salute and Taps, they perform the flag folding ceremony and the triangle shaped flag with stars and blue showing is handed off to the Officer or NCO in charge with a very slow hand salute.
The Firing party members - a seven team party that renders the 21 gun salute.
The Bugler - off in the distance, usually 50 paces away, this individual will play Taps at the proper time. Sometimes if a bugler isn't available, the honor guard team will have a sound system play Taps.
Standard honors funerals are conducted for Retired Members to include those receiving retired pay or members of the Reserves or National Guard who have 20 years or more satisfactory service for retirement.
Typically 7 honor guard members are in place for retiree ceremonies. This smaller team will perform both the pallbearer and firing party duties. Taps will still be played but there is no Color Team.
Veteran honors are rendered for former members (veterans) whose last service was honorable, and members of a reserve component not in a duty status.
Typically 3 members perform this ceremony. There will be an Officer or NCO in charge and with another member, the two of them will fold the flag and the person in charge will present the folded flag to the next of kin. This turns out to be the most difficult of the ceremonies to perform because only two are folding the same size flag that was performed by six. The 3rd member is the bugler who plays Taps.
Even though the number of personnel involved varies, no matter what the status of the deceased member was, they all receive the same level of honor, dignity, respect and gratitude for their faithful and honorable service to their country.